The ArcGIS Data Store account is the login that you used when you installed ArcGIS Data Store. The ArcGIS Data Store account writes information to the data store backup directory, data store directory, and restore staging directory.
The ArcGIS Data Store account requires full control on the ArcGIS Data Store directory, full control on the ArcGIS Data Store installation directory, read and write access to the shared network backup directory, and read and write access to the restore staging directory used by the relational data store.